ADX

ADX is a sound format used in Persona 3, Persona 4 and Persona 5. It was developed by CRI Middleware and first used in 1996 for Sega Saturn titles. ADX can be found in CVM, ACX, and AFS archives. It is succeeded by HCA. Usage ranges from non-looping sound effects and voices to looping background music. For proper conversion and playback in-game, you may exceed the sample rate for a higher sound quality of the original files for your game (At least for P3/4), but here is the average ones: 24000 Hz on PS2, 22050 Hz on PSP, or 44100 Hz in either version of P5.

AtomENCD
AtomENCD is a GUI interface for adxencd by DuIslingr that provides all the same features, but with a user friendly appearance. You can download it from here. Note that you must include adxencd.exe to use this program. :)

adxencd.exe
Commandline tool ADX Audio Decompression Tool v4.61 can be used to encode or decode ADX files. Using samples, you can even set loop points for a BGM track. Download adxencd.exe here.

PES Sound File Converter
PES v1.8 can also batch convert WAV files to non-looping ADX and back. You can download PES here.

XMPlay
XMPlay is a third party music player with a simple UI which allows high quality .ADX playback and encoding. You are able to encode .ADX files into FLAC, MP3, OGG, and more. However, converting to .ADX is not possible using XMPlay. Download vanilla (No plugins) XMPlay here, or download the all-in one folder (Contains plugins which allow .ADX playback and encoding) here.

VLC Media Player
VLC media player can play ADX files.

VGMGUI
VGMGUI is a graphic interface of VGMStream which already has loads of plug ins (foobar2000, Winamp, etc) but VGMGUI is made especially for VGMStream. This program allows you to get metadata from files, specifiy loop count, fade time, fade delay, play files, mange list of files, search files, and convert files to wav. The fourm post is here with a download

Persona 5 Royal
All ADX files found in Persona 5 Royal are encrypted with a special key. To decrypt them you can use the following Powershell script (paired with vgaudiocli):

The decryption keys are region-specific: